The SOS2 gene is a widely studied gene type in bioinformatics. It encodes a protein critical in potassium ion absorption and stress response in plant cells. SOS2 gene was first identified in Arabidopsis thaliana and has since been found in many other plants. The protein encoded by the SOS2 gene can interact with the SOS3 protein to regulate cellular potassium ion homeostasis. The SOS2 gene can also respond to external environmental stress, such as drought and high salt, to regulate potassium ion absorption and allocation. Studying the SOS2 gene can provide a deeper understanding of plant potassium metabolism and stress response mechanisms, as well as an important theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of plants.