The Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR1) gene, located on chromosome 1p31.3, plays a multifaceted role in both normal development and pathogenesis of various malignancies. ROR1 belongs to the ROR family of receptors implicated in Wnt signaling and is primarily expressed during embryonic development but is largely absent in adult tissues. Its re-emergence in numerous cancer types, including leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors like breast and lung cancer, highlights ROR1 as a compelling therapeutic target. In normal physiological contexts, ROR1 is crucial for the development of the nervous and skeletal systems. However, in cancer cells, ROR1 overexpression promotes tumorigenesis by enhancing cell survival, proliferation, migration, and resistance to therapy. Its involvement in cancer stem cell maintenance and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) further underscores its oncogenic potential.