EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) is a protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. It is a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases and is primarily involved in signaling pathways that control cell division and survival. EGFR is activated by binding to its ligands, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), leading to receptor dimerization and activation of downstream signaling pathways, including the MAPK and PI3K pathways, which promote cell proliferation. Due to its significant role in cancer biology, EGFR has become a major target for cancer therapies.