CD19 is a transmembrane glycoprotein specific to B-lineage cells, with expression maintained in over 95% of B-cell malignancies. Inebilizumab, is a humanized monoclonal antibody specifically developed for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in adults who are positive for aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies. NMOSD is a rare autoimmune condition characterized by the immune system attacking the optic nerves and spinal cord, leading to severe neurological impairments. By binding to CD19, inebilizumab induces cell death through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, thereby reducing the production of AQP4 antibodies that contribute to nerve damage
