The ABL1 gene is an oncogene located on the long arm of chromosome 9 at band q34 (9q34). Its gene product is a non-receptor tyrosine protein kinase. The BCR gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 22 at band q11 (22q11). Due to a translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 9 and 22, the ABL oncogene on chromosome 9 (9q34) and the BCR (B-cell receptor) gene on chromosome 22 (22q11) are recombined to form the BCR-ABL fusion gene. The BCR/ABL fusion gene is an anti-apoptotic gene with high tyrosine kinase activity, which causes excessive cell proliferation and leads to dysregulation of cellular control.
Ba/F3 cell, a murine interleukin-3 dependent pro-B cell line, is a popular system for exploring both kinases and their inhibitors, because some protein kinases can render the Ba/F3 cells to be depended on the activation of the kinases instead of IL-3 supplement, while their inhibitors can antagonize the kinase-dependent growth effects.