MTAP (methylthioadenosine phosphorylase) is encoded by the MTAP gene located on chromosome 9p21.3 and serves as a key metabolic enzyme. This chromosomal region often undergoes deletion in various cancers, including glioblastoma, mesothelioma, and non-small cell lung cancer, frequently co-occurring with CDKN2A/B gene deletions. The MTAP enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of 5\'-deoxy-5\'-methylthioadenosine (MTA), a byproduct of polyamine synthesis, to yield adenine and methylthioribose-1-phosphate. This reaction is essential for recycling purine precursors and maintaining cellular methionine levels, linking MTAP activity to nucleotide biosynthesis and epigenetic regulation mediated by S-adenosylmethionine (SAM).