BCMA, i.e., CD269 or TNFRSF17, is a TNF receptor superfamily 17 member, expressed on differentiated plasma cells and plasmablasts under physiological conditions and nearly on all MM tumor cells. BCMA ligands include APRIL (A Proliferations-Inducing Ligand) and BAFF (B-cell activating factor) which are involved in the maturation and differentiation of PCs. APRIL can bind to BCMA more avidly than to BAFF, and both can induce BCMA downstream signals to PI3K-PKB/Akt (i.e., phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B/Akt), to RAS/MAPK (i.e., rat sarcoma/mitogen-activated protein kinase), and also to NF-κB (i.e., nuclear factor kappa-B), inducing increased plasma cells proliferation and survival.